Date: Tue, 1 Feb 1994 21:55:17 -0500 From: Thor Iverson Subject: Led Zeppelin FAQL (part 1) ***************************************************************** DIGITAL GRAFFITI The Led Zeppelin Mailing List presents THE LED ZEPPELIN FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS LIST v7.2 2-1-93 ***************************************************************** ***PART 1*** A few notes: -- This is a FAQL, _not_ an obscure Led Zeppelin trivia file. -- Information will be added to or deleted from this file as it becomes necessary, or at the whim of the author. -- This incredibly long and wordy document was authored by Thor Iverson, with help from the members of Digital Graffiti and a _lot_ of help from Dave Lewis (thanks Dave). Contact Thor at tiverson@lynx.dac.neu.edu with comments, additions, corrections, etc. -- This file may be freely distributed through any digital realm. Hardcopies may be produced for personal use. This list may _not_ be distributed for profit, monetary or otherwise; nor may any part of it be excerpted for profit without the expressed written or email consent of the author or the author's duly-appointed representative. -- A very, very special thank you to "Speed Racer". -- Sincere thanks to Kevin Rauch, Maurice Maes, Steve Portigal, Mike Bacigalupi, Chris Milazzo, Matt Hill, Jody Hay, Bryan Durall, Tim Ames, Jim Browne, Jeff Lester, Steve Kilpatrick, Bill Hunter, Brian Davies, Mike Hutchinson, Toshiaki Tanaka, Shawn Sarazin, Mike Corso, John Harper, Steve Pinder, Denis Shortall, Christopher Williams, Colin Irwin, and all others who've helped. If you sent me suggestions and I haven't acknowledged you (that is, I erased your email) let me know! ----------------------------------------------------------------- Contents of this file: 1 - Common abbreviations found in this file and on Digital Graffiti. 2 - Administrivia. 3 - About Digital Graffiti. 4 - What should I post to the list? 5 - Who was in Led Zeppelin? 6 - How and when did John Bonham die? 7 - When and where was Led Zeppelin formed? 8 - What albums has Led Zeppelin released? 9 - What videos has Led Zeppelin released? 10 - Should I buy the boxed sets? Which one(s) should I buy? 11 - Will _The Song Remains The Same_ be remastered? 12 - So what _is_ the fourth album called, anyway? 13 - What's the deal with those four symbols? 14 - What's that thing on the _Presence_ cover? 15 - What's up with the album covers for _In Through The Out Door_? 16 - What's up with (song title) (and who's Roy Harper)? 17 - Are there a lot of references to J.R.R. Tolkien's work in Led Zeppelin songs? 18 - Didn't Led Zeppelin copy (song title) from (blues artist)? 19 - What's Led Zeppelin's best song/album? 20 - Is there any more unreleased material? 21 - How does the band feel about bootlegs? 22 - Where do I get bootlegs? 23 - Which bootlegs should I start with? 24 - Are there any books on Led Zeppelin? 25 - Are there any music books featuring Led Zeppelin? 26 - Are there any magazines/fanzines about Led Zeppelin? 27 - Are there any Led Zeppelin fan clubs? 28 - Where do I get Led Zeppelin collectibles (other than bootlegs)? 29 - Where can I get online lyrics, tabulature, GIFs, etc.? (continued in part 2) ----------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - Common abbreviations found in this file and on Digital Graffiti: BCOH = Baby Come On Home FAQL = Frequently Asked Questions List HHWCID = Hey Hey What Can I Do HOTG = Hammer Of The Gods HOTH = Houses Of The Holy IMHO = In My Humble Opinion IMTOD = In My Time Of Dying ITTOD = In Through The Out Door JPJ = John Paul Jones LZ = Led Zeppelin OTHAFA = Over The Hills And Far Away STH = Stairway To Heaven TSRTS = The Song Remains The Same ----------------------------------------------------------------- 2 - Administrivia. First of all, _DO NOT_ post administrative requests to the list. Send sub/unsub messages to listserv@cornell.edu, _not_ zeppelin-l@cornell.edu. Prepare to be flamed unmercifully if you ignore this rule. To subscribe to the list, send mail to listserv@cornell.edu with the message: SUBSCRIBE zeppelin-l Your Name A copy of the FAQL will be sent to each new subscriber. To communicate with the list, send to Zeppelin-l@cornell.edu. Do _not_ send administrative requests to that address. (Have I made this clear enough yet?) Users may choose from among certain options regarding how listserv will interact with them. To change these options, you must send a command in electronic mail to listserv@cornell.edu (NOT to Zeppelin-l@cornell.edu), saying: SET zeppelin-l MAIL option where 'option' can be one of: NOACK -- Do not send me my own postings back ACK -- Send me my own postings back DIGEST -- Send me a periodic digest of postings or POSTPONE -- Do not send me *anything* until I change back to one of the other three. The default for all lists is NOACK. To leave the list at any time, send the command UNSUB Zeppelin-l to listserv@cornell.edu. To receive a copy of this FAQL, send the message info zeppelin-l to listserv@cornell.edu You will also receive listserv command help, etc.... Matt and I will try to keep a current FAQL here, but it will not be a daily revision. If you have any questions about Digital Graffiti, contact Matt Hill, the list owner, at mlh1@cornell.edu If you have any questions about listserv, contact the listserv manager, at listmgr@cornell.edu ----------------------------------------------------------------- 3 - About Digital Graffiti. Digital Graffiti, the Led Zeppelin mailing list, was created by Matt Hill at Cornell University on 10 November 1992. Membership currently stands at over 300 worldwide. The first _known_ Led Zeppelin list was started by Mike Powers at Rutgers University in August 1989. That list was transferred to the University of Minnesota (Twin Cities campus) under the care of Eric Hendrickson in June 1990. Digital Graffiti is unrelated to that list. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 4 - What should I post to the list? This is an unmoderated list--that means there are no regulations (attached to this list) on what you post. However, the regular rules of net.conduct apply at all times. The list owner can remove any subscriber at any time for violating the general rules of conduct, in the (hopefully unlikely) event it becomes necessary. New subscribers should wait a few days before posting, so that they can see the general format other posters are using. Any news about Zeppelin, its members, its music, or related topics is welcome on the list. Transcriptions of articles and interviews are also welcome, assuming you want to take the (minimal) risk of transcribing without permission. Questions about Zeppelin and related topics are _also_ encouraged--there is almost always someone out there who can answer the question. Opinion is welcome on the list, as are reviews and commentary. A few topics are either _not_ welcome or are frowned upon. Remember that no one will _prevent_ you from discussing these topics, but there may exist strong sentiment against the topic from other list members: --Administrative requests. The correct address is in every FAQL, and is also posted periodically by the list owner. --Messages to individuals. Posts to the list should be of interest to nearly all readers. --Trades and sales of merchandise. Saying, "I have a vinyl copy of Jimmy Page's first single for sale" is fine, actually concluding the deal on the list is not. Also, the offer of specific bootlegs for sale on the list is discouraged--instead post that you have "unreleased Zeppelin material" for sale and conduct the balance of the transactions by private email. --Lists of bootlegs. See the section on bootlegs for more discussion of this--but in a nutshell, restrict this kind of thing to private email. Note that _discussion_ of bootlegs is OK. --"Flames"--posts unusually full of "fighting words" and personal attacks, _not_ intended to be humorous or ironic. There are also a few topics and types of messages that, while not exactly "unwelcome," may be either over-discussed or tiresome to the majority of the list. Feel free to post on these matters if you want, but remember that not everyone will share your enthusiasm: --Whether or not there are backwards messages in "Stairway To Heaven." --Whether or not Jimmy Page was a Satanist. --Discussions about the relative merits of Robert Plant and Jimmy Page. --Whether or not Jimmy Page has "lost it." --Polls of any kind, especially best/worst song/album. --A _long_ series of short messages, one topic per message--this kind of thing will annoy people. --Almost any message that contains the word "sucks." --Any misspelling of the group's name. ;-) Use your own best judgement in each case--and certainly feel free to contribute to any such discussion if one is in progress. This is not a proscription, merely a warning. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 5 - Who was in Led Zeppelin? James Patrick Page (b. 9 January 1944 in Heston, Middlesex) "Pagey" John Baldwin (John Paul Jones) (b. 3 January 1946 in Sidcup, Kent) "Jonesy" John Henry Bonham (b. 31 May 1948 in Redditch, Worcestershire, d. 25 September 1980 Windsor) "Bonzo" Robert Anthony Plant (b. 20 August 1948 West Bromwich, Staffordshire) "Percy" Zeppelin's manager was Peter Grant. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 6 - How and when did John Bonham die? On 24 September 1980, Bonham left Worcestershire to meet with the group at Bray studios for rehearsals for the upcoming US tour. He consumed a steady diet of quadruple screwdrivers along the way. After the rehearsals, the band retreated to Page's Windsor house, where Bonham continued to drink and then passed out. At around 1:45pm on 25 September, sound technician and Plant roadie Benji Le Fevre checked on Bonham to find out why he hadn't stirred. There was no pulse. A doctor arrived and pronounced Bonham dead at the scene. A subsequent coroner's inquest revealed the cause of death to be accidental -- Bonham choked on his own vomit after drinking the equivalent of 40 measures of vodka. Alcohol poisoning may have been involved, but was not positively determined. On 4 December 1980, Led Zeppelin issued the following statement: "We wish it to be known that the loss of our dear friend and the deep respect we have for his family, together with the sense of undivided harmony felt by ourselves and our manager, have led us to decide that we could not continue as we were." ----------------------------------------------------------------- 7 - When and where was Led Zeppelin formed? A brief chronology: Jimmy Page joins The Yardbirds in June of 1966, first playing bass, then dual lead guitar with Jeff Beck, then replacing Beck in November of the same year. In December, John Paul Jones does string arrangements for The Yardbirds' album _Little Games_. In 1967, Robert Plant and John Bonham come together in The Band Of Joy. In March of the same year, Jeff Beck releases a solo single entitled "Hi Ho Silver Lining," which is backed with a Page composition entitled "Beck's Bolero". This song is recorded by Page, Beck, Nicky Hopkins, John Paul Jones, and Keith Moon. At this session Moon and John Entwistle, who are tired of The Who's infighting, discuss forming a band with Page and Beck. It is here that Moon announces that they should call the group Lead Zeppelin, because, "...it'll go over like a ***in' lead balloon!" (The "a" was later removed from "Lead" so that Americans would pronounce it correctly.) In April of 1968, Page plays on Donovan's "Hurdy Gurdy Man" (with Jones arranging). Jones asks to be part of any new group Page may be forming. The Band Of Joy breaks up in May. On 22 June 1968, it is announced that Keith Relf and Jim McCarty are leaving The Yardbirds. In August, Page, Yardbirds' bassist Chris Dreja, and Peter Grant travel to Birmingham to see Plant in a group called Hobbstweedle. Plant is offered the vocalist's job in Page's new band in August, after visiting Page's home. In the same month, Dreja leaves the project and is replaced by Jones. Plant then recommends Bonham for drums, and a tireless personal and telegram campaign convinces Bonham to turn down more lucrative offers from the likes of Tim Rose and Joe Cocker. In September, the four play their first rehearsals at Gerrard Street, London. Beginning September 14 they embark on their first tour, still billed as the New Yardbirds. They record _Led Zeppelin I_ in October, and play their first gig as Led Zeppelin at Surrey University October 17. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 8 - What albums has Led Zeppelin released? This discography follows the format: _Title_ (release date) Label (artist, if not the subject of the discography) Song Title One, Song Title Two... A list of videos. Any other relevant information. The following is by no means a complete discography, but covers the principal releases of the band in the US. Singles are, in all but one case, ignored. For a more complete discography consult Dave Lewis' _A Celebration_. _Led Zeppelin_ (January 1969) Atlantic Good Times Bad Times, Babe I'm Gonna Leave You, You Shook Me, Dazed & Confused, Your Time Is Gonna Come, Black Mountain Side, Communication Breakdown, I Can't Quit You Baby, How Many More Times _Three Week Hero_ (April 1969) Liberty/Beat Goes On (P.J. Proby) Jim's Blues This album is noted because all four members of Zeppelin appear on the listed track. _Led Zeppelin II_ (October 1969) Atlantic Whole Lotta Love, What Is And What Should Never Be, The Lemon Song, Thank You, Heartbreaker, Livin' Lovin' Maid (She's Just A Woman), Ramble On, Moby Dick, Bring It On Home This album is sometimes called "The Brown Bomber"--a reference to the color and theme of the cover. _Led Zeppelin III_ (October 1970) Atlantic Immigrant Song, Friends, Celebration Day, Since I've Been Loving You, Out On The Tiles, Gallows Pole, Tangerine, That's The Way, Bron-Y-Aur Stomp, Hats Off To (Roy) Harper On some pressings of this album, an Aleister Crowley quote is scribed into the runoff matrix of the vinyl (the space between the last groove and the label). There are also some forged versions of this pressing. "Immigrant Song" b/w "Hey Hey What Can I Do" (1970) Atlantic US Single This exists on cassingle and CD single as well. _Untitled_ (November 1971) Atlantic Black Dog, Rock And Roll, The Battle Of Evermore, Stairway To Heaven, Misty Mountain Hop, Four Sticks, Going To California, When The Levee Breaks The original album had no band or title identification anywhere on the cover _or_ inside, with the exception of the "Produced by Jimmy Page" credit on the inside jacket and the printed lyrics to "Stairway To Heaven." _Untitled_ (September 1988) HMV Classic Collection 3500-copy limited edition boxed version of the fourth album. _The New Age Of Atlantic_ (May 1972) Atlantic (various artists) Hey Hey What Can I Do _Houses Of The Holy_ (March 1973) Atlantic The Song Remains The Same, The Rain Song, Over The Hills And Far Away, The Crunge, Dancing Days, D'yer Mak'er, No Quarter, The Ocean The odd colors on this album cover are a printing error. _Physical Graffiti_ (February 1975) Swan Song Custard Pie, The Rover, In My Time Of Dying, Trampled Underfoot, Houses Of The Holy, Kashmir, In The Light, Bron-Yr-Aur, Down By The Seaside, Ten Years Gone, Night Flight, The Wanton Song, Boogie With Stu, Black Country Woman, Sick Again _Presence_ (April 1976) Swan Song Achilles Last Stand, For Your Life, Royal Orleans, Nobody's Fault But Mine, Candy Story Rock, Hots On For Nowhere, Tea For One _Soundtrack From The Film The Song Remains The Same_ (October 1976) Swan Song Rock And Roll, Celebration Day, The Song Remains The Same, The Rain Song, Dazed And Confused, No Quarter, Stairway To Heaven, Moby Dick, Whole Lotta Love _In Through The Out Door_ (August 1979) Swan Song In The Evening, South Bound Suarez, Fool In The Rain, Hot Dog, Carouselambra, All My Love, I'm Gonna Crawl _Coda_ (November 1982) Swan Song We're Gonna Groove, Poor Tom, I Can't Quit You Baby, Walter's Walk, Ozone Baby, Darlene, Bonzo's Montreaux, Wearing And Tearing _Led Zeppelin_ (4CD boxed set) (October 1990) Atlantic Selections from the studio albums, with the addition of "Hey Hey What Can I Do," a live in-studio "White Summer/Black Mountain Side," a live in-studio "Traveling Riverside Blues," and a Page amalgamation of "Moby Dick" and "Bonzo's Montreaux". All tracks remastered from the lowest-generation tapes available by Jimmy Page and George Marino. Videos for "Over The Hills And Far Away" and "Traveling Riverside Blues" were released. The videos are a mixture of conceptual footage and carefully edited clips from a variety of live videos (some clearly _not_ from _The Song Remains The Same_--such as the Knebworth footage). _Remasters_ (2CD boxed set) (October 1990) Atlantic The non-US version of the 4CD set, later released in the States. Condensed "greatest hits" package of the remastered material, with the addition of "Good Times Bad Times" (not on the 4CD set). Some editions contain _Profiled_, an interview with the band. _Boxed Set 2_ (2CD boxed set) (September 1993) Atlantic Remastered versions of all the material not on the 4CD set, plus "Baby Come On Home," an unreleased track from the _I_ sessions. _Led Zeppelin--The Complete Studio Recordings_ (10CD boxed set) Atlantic (September 1993) Remastered versions of the original 9 studio recordings with the original cover art, in a case. All the "previously unreleased" material appearing on the other sets is tacked on to the end of _Coda_, with the exception of the "Moby Dick"/ "Bonzo's Montreaux" marriage. The cover depicts the inside of a Zeppelin. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 9 - What videos has the band released? This videography will cover major, _legal_ releases. Videos listed in quotations do not appear in any known compilations. Led Zeppelin: ------------- _The Song Remains The Same_ (1976--released 1984) Warner Video Autumn Lake, Bron-Y-Aur, Rock And Roll, Black Dog, Since I've Been Loving You, The Song Remains The Same, The Rain Song, Stairway To Heaven, Dazed And Confused, Moby Dick, Heartbreaker, Whole Lotta Love, Stairway To Heaven Directed by Joe Massot and Peter Clifton, recorded live at Madison Square Garden July 27, 28, and 29, 1973, and at various locations. Released to theaters in 1976. Page: "I wouldn't mind paying some attention to the laser disc and video, as well." _Supershow_ (September 1986) Virgin Vision (various) Dazed And Confused Recorded live at Staines Studios on March 25, 1969. More songs were probably performed, but remain unreleased. _Rock Aid Armenia_ (November 1989) Virgin Video (various) Dazed & Confused, Satisfaction Guaranteed "Dazed" is from the Supershow footage, "SG" is from the Firm. _The First Cuts_ (1990) Outtakes from TSRTS. Recalled. "Over The Hills And Far Away" (October 1990) Atlantic Video "Traveling Riverside Blues" (October 1990) Atlantic Video These videos are a mixture of conceptual footage and carefully- edited clips from a variety of live videos (some clearly _not_ from _The Song Remains The Same_--such as the Knebworth footage). Jimmy Page: ----------- _Royal Albert Hall ARMS Concert Part 2_ (1983) Videoform (various) Prelude, Who's To Blame, City Sirens, Stairway To Heaven, Tulsa Time, Layla, Goodnight Irene Part of a two tape set, Page appears on the above tracks. Also see below. "Sea Of Love" (November 1984) Atlantic Video (The Honeydrippers) Page does not actually appear in the video. _The Firm Live At Hammersmith 1984_ (1985) Atlantic Video (The Firm) Live footage from two Firm dates in December 1984. Promo only-- was not released for sale. "These Arms Of Mine" (1985) Decca (Willie & The Poorboys) _Five From The Firm_ (1986) Atlantic Home Video (The Firm) Tear Down The Walls, Satisfaction Guaranteed, All The King's Horses, Radioactive, Live In Peace Extremely hard to find, even when it was new. "Wasting My Time" (June 1988) Geffen Video _Knebworth: The Event Vol. 3_ (1990) Castle Video (various) Wearing And Tearing, Rock And Roll Part of a longer concert, Page appears on the listed tracks. _The ARMS Concert_ (1991) Rhino (various artists) Prelude, Who's To Blame, City Sirens, Stairway To Heaven, Tulsa Time, Layla, Goodnight Irene A single-tape version of the one listed above. Page appears on the listed tracks. "Pride & Joy" (March 1993) Geffen Video (Coverdale/Page) "Take Me For A Little While" (July 1993) Geffen Video (Coverdale/Page) Robert Plant: ------------- "Little Sister" (January 1980) Swan Song/Atlantic Video (Rockpile) Live performance from the Rock For Kampuchea concert. "Burning Down One Side" (June 1982) Swan Song/Atlantic Video _Prince's Trust Rock Gala_ (1984) MGA/UA (various artists) Worse Than Detroit, I Wanna Take You Higher Part of a longer concert, Plant appears on the listed tracks. "Sea Of Love" (November 1984) Atlantic Video (The Honeydrippers) "Rockin' At Midnight" (November 1984) Atlantic Video (The Honeydrippers) "Pink & Black" (May 1985) Atlantic Video "Heaven Knows" (March 1988) Atlantic Video "Ship Of Fools" (March 1988) Atlantic Video _Mumbo Jumbo_ (1989) Warner Video Heaven Knows, Big Log, Little By Little, In The Mood, Tall Cool One (plus additional footage) "Hurting Kind (I've Got My Eyes On You)" (March 1990) Atlantic Video "Nirvana" (March 1990) Atlantic Video _Knebworth: The Event Vol. 3_ (1990) Castle Video (various) Hurting Kind, Tall Cool One, Wearing And Tearing, Rock And Roll Part of a longer concert, Plant appears on the listed tracks. "Calling To You" (June 1993) Atlantic Video "29 Palms" (1993) Atlantic Video "I Believe" (1993) Atlantic Video John Paul Jones: ---------------- _Give My Regards To Broad Street_ (1988) CBS Fox (movie) Jones appears in the "Ballroom Dancing" segment. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 10 - Should I buy the boxed sets? Which one(s) should I buy? The sound quality of the newly remastered material is incredibly improved over the original US CD releases. For that reason alone any of them are worth getting. And the combination of the two principal sets _or_ the "complete" set gives one all the studio material in remastered form. As for the "unreleased" material-- "HHWCID" is available on the "Immigrant Song" single, "Traveling Riverside Blues" is a staple of AOR radio, and there are many versions of "White Summer" superior to the one released on the set, so that should not be the deciding factor. The packaging of the sets, from cover art to liner notes, is incredible. However, the impending release of the newly-remastered "original" CDs has made this choice a difficult one. Basically, it comes down to the presence of the "unreleased" material, a choice of packaging, and the order in which one wants to hear the songs. The cost of getting one of the set combinations will almost assuredly be less than the eventual total cost of the individual CDs. The purchase of the original, unremastered CDs is not recommended due to their poor sound quality. According to Page, the remastered individual CDs may be out sometime in 1994. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 11 - Will _The Song Remains The Same_ be remastered? Atlantic said no. However--Page: "That will be done in the future." ----------------------------------------------------------------- 12 - So what _is_ the fourth album called, anyway? Nothing. It's officially untitled. It's commonly referred to as Four Symbols, ZOSO, and most often simply Led Zeppelin IV. The album, as originally released, carried absolutely no band or title identification anywhere on the jacket. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 13 - What's the deal with those four symbols? Page's symbol, while _not_ standing for "ZOSO" or any combination of letters, is a mystery. It resembles the alchemical symbol for mercury, but no more is known. Plant reports being once told what it meant, but he has since forgotten. Jones' symbol (the circle with the trisecting ovals) came from a book of runes and is said to represent confidence and competence. It also appears on the cover of a book about the Rosicrucians, for reasons unknown. Bonham's (the three intersecting circles) came from the same book, and represents the man-wife-child trilogy. Some have remarked that it is the symbol for Ballantine Beer. Plant, like Page, designed his own symbol, and the feather in the circle is based on a sign of the ancient Mu civilization. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 14 - What's that thing on the _Presence_ cover? It's called either The Obelisk or The Object, and was created by Hipgnosis (the design company) to represent Led Zeppelin's "force and presence." It was not intended as a reference to the Monolith of _2001_, though the resemblance has been noted by many; including Page himself. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 15 - What's up with the album covers for _In Through The Out Door_? There are 6 different covers, each showing the same scene from a different point of view. The album originally came in a plain brown wrapper. An added bonus -- the inner sleeve, when dampened, changes color. In case it wasn't obvious, this refers only to the vinyl versions of the album. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 16 - What's up with (song title) (and who's Roy Harper)? A few notes about individual songs: "How Many More Times" -- This is one of three songs in which Page employs the bow. There is a brief tribute/reference/inside joke during the long instrumental section where the band plays part of the Page-written "Beck's Bolero." "Dazed And Confused" -- The Yardbirds performed this with different lyrics as "I'm Confused". The guitar solo following the bow section is Page's solo from the Yardbirds' "Think About It." The second of the three songs on which Page employs the bow. "Black Mountain Side" -- Viram Jasani plays tabla. "Whole Lotta Love" -- The "middle section" was created with the theremin, some recorded drums, vocal gymnastics from Plant (heavily filtered through various effects), and a lot of random knob-twisting by Page and Eddie Kramer in the studio. "Out On The Tiles" -- The title is British slang for "a night on the town." It is Page that can be heard saying "stop!" in this song, reminding himself to stop playing. "Hats Off To (Roy) Harper" -- Roy Harper is an English folk musician who toured (though didn't perform) with Zeppelin and with whom Page and other Zeppelin members have worked, recorded, and toured. He is probably best known for his lead vocal on Pink Floyd's "Have A Cigar." "Bron-Y-Aur Stomp" -- "Bron-Y-Aur" is a misspelling of Bron-Yr-Aur. "Friends" -- The synth drone at the end covers a production mistake (the original intro to "Celebration Day" was erased.) The strings in the song are real. "Since I've Been Loving You" -- Bonham's bass drum pedal squeaks during much of this song (it's especially annoying during the intro). "Tangerine" -- This was a Page composition left over from the Yardbirds days. "Black Dog" -- The title came from a black dog that wandered in and out of the studio during the _IV_ sessions. "The Battle Of Evermore" -- Sandy Denny (of Fairport Convention) on vocals. Her parts were handled live by John Paul Jones. "Misty Mountain Hop" -- Yes, there is a mistake in this song, (in the line that begins "There you sit..."), though the band apparently felt the rest of the take was too good to replace. "Four Sticks" -- Bonham used 4 sticks while recording this song (two in each hand) hence the title. "When The Levee Breaks" -- The drum sound was produced by placing Bonham's kit in a stone stairwell, and hanging a microphone from the stairs a few flights up. "D'yer Mak'er" -- pronounced like Jamaica. "The Rain Song" -- The "strings" on this song are actually a Mellotron. "The Ocean" -- There is a phone ringing at about 1:37 in. Don't ask why. The countoff at the beginning is Bonham: "We've done four already, but now we're steady, and then they went: one, two, three, four." "Kashmir" -- There are keyboards on this song, but there are also real strings and horns. "Black Country Woman" -- The sound from an overhead plane was not removed from the intro, thanks to Plant's audible "No, leave it in." "Bron-Yr-Aur" -- A cabin where Zeppelin often retreated for composition and relaxation. It means "The Golden Breast". The unusually "thick" guitar sound is a combination of an open tuning and clever use of backward echo. "Boogie With Stu" -- Stu is Ian Stewart, the Stones resident pianist. "In The Evening" -- The third song in which Page employs the bow. The unusual noises in the guitar solo are caused by the springs of a fully-depressed whammy bar. "All My Love" -- The strings and horn sounds are all synths. "I Can't Quit You Baby" -- The live version on Coda is from the Royal Albert Hall performance (widely available on bootleg video)--_not_ the rehearsal as is sometimes claimed. "Darlene" -- Jones (not Ian Stewart) plays the piano. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 17 - Are there a lot of references to J.R.R. Tolkien's works in Led Zeppelin songs? Not really. "Ramble On" and "The Battle Of Evermore" feature direct references, as does the title "Misty Mountain Hop," but that's it. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 18 - Didn't Led Zeppelin copy (song title) from (blues artist)? Yes, no, and maybe. Here's a partial list of covers, credited and otherwise, and sources. Thanks to _Wearing & Tearing_, Glen Cunliffe, and Christopher Williams for much of the info in this section. "Babe I'm Gonna Leave You" -- Anne Bredon (a/k/a Annie Briggs) (the Joan Baez version was the one this was based on). "You Shook Me" -- Willie Dixon, first recorded by Muddy Waters. "I Can't Quit You Baby" -- Willie Dixon. "Communication Breakdown" -- Eddie Cochran's "Nervous Breakdown." "How Many More Times" -- Howlin Wolf's "How Many More Years," Albert King's "The Hunter." "Dazed And Confused" -- Jake Holmes, written and recorded as "Dazed & Confused." The Yardbirds covered it under the title "I'm Confused," with different lyrics. Page again changed the lyrics (which were originally about an acid trip) for the Zeppelin version. The version on the _Session Man_ album (on Archive) credited to the New Yardbirds is actually the Holmes original. "Black Mountain Side" -- traditional, Annie Briggs, Bert Jansch The main riff is almost identical to the riff Jansch uses in his song "BlackWater Side," though he cites Annie Briggs as an earlier source. Page: "I wasn't totally original on that riff. It had been done in folk clubs a lot. Annie Briggs was the first one that I heard do that riff. I was playing it as well, and then there was Bert Jansch's version." The DADGAD tuning used here and on "White Summer," "Kashmir," "Swan Song" (see the unreleased section), and "Midnight Moonlight" was supposedly invented by Davey Graham, though whether or not Page knew this is unclear. "The Lemon Song" -- Chester Burnett (a/k/a Howlin Wolf) "Killing Floor," Robert Johnson ("squeeze my lemon" lyric). "Moby Dick" -- Bobby Parker (music), Ginger Baker's "Toad" (drum solo). "Whole Lotta Love" -- Willie Dixon's "You Need Love" (lyrics). Plant: "Page's riff was Page's riff. It was there before anything else. I just thought, 'well, what am I going to sing?' That was it, a nick. Now happily paid for. At the time, there was a lot of conversation about what to do. It was decided that it was so far away in time (it was in fact 7 years) and influence that...well, you only get caught when you're successful. That's the game." "Bring It On Home" -- Written by Willie Dixon, though the Sonny Boy Williamson I version is the one which this bears a similarity to. "Traveling Riverside Blues" -- Robert Johnson (lyrics only, the music is totally different). "Since I've Been Loving You" -- brief lyrical nod to Moby Grape. "Gallows Pole" -- traditional, associated with Leadbelly. Page says that his version was based on a cover of the song by Fred Gerlach. "Hats Off To (Roy) Harper" -- traditional, Bukka White (song entitled "Shake 'Em On Down"), also covered by Joe Lee Williams and Blind Lemon Jefferson. "Black Dog" -- the vocal arrangement is very similar to Fleetwood Mac's "Oh Well." "Rock And Roll" -- drawn from Little Richard's "Good Golly Miss Molly/Keep A Knockin'" (mostly the drum line). "Stairway To Heaven" -- Possible (though unlikely) lift from "And She's Lonely" by The Chocolate Watch Band, which became the intro chords. There's really no way of knowing for sure. The solo chords are also similar to the chords of Dylan's (and Hendrix's) "All Along The Watchtower," though the chord progression is hardly uncommon and any direct influence is also unlikely. "When The Levee Breaks" -- Memphis Minnie and Kansas Joe McCoy. "Custard Pie" -- Blind Boy Fuller recorded a song entitled "I Want Some Of Your Pie," which seems to be the earliest source for this material. Sonny Terry covered it with the title "Custard Pie Blues." Big Joe Williams also covered it under the title "Drop Down Mama," and his lyrics are pretty much identical to Plant's. There also exists some Bukka White material in the song. "In My Time Of Dying" -- Traditional. First recorded by Blind Willie Johnson as "Jesus Make Up My Dying Bed," which is more like the Zeppelin version than the well-known Bob Dylan cover. "Boogie With Stu" -- Ritchie Valens. Page: "The jam [with Ian Stewart] turned into 'Boogie With Stu,' which was obviously a variation on 'Ooh My Head' by the late Ritchie Valens, which itself was actually a variation of Little Richard's 'Ooh My Soul.' What we tried to do was give Ritchie's mother credit, because we heard she never received any royalties from any of her son's hits, and Robert did lean on that lyric a bit. So what happens? They tried to sue us for all of the song! We had to say 'bugger off.'" "Nobody's Fault But Mine" -- Blind Willie Johnson (lyrics). Plant: "First of all, it's public domain because he's been dead so long, and secondly it wasn't his song in the first place--nobody knows where it comes from." "In The Evening" -- James Carr has a song called "In the Evening, When The Sun Goes Down." The music is not similar. "We're Gonna Groove" -- Ben E. King, James Bethea. "Darlene" -- One line from Don McLean's "American Pie." So is this thievery? With the exception of the uncredited Willie Dixon tunes and the lifting by the Yardbirds of Jake Holmes' "D&C," probably not. Anyone who understands the blues tradition knows that theft is an irrelevant concept within that musical genre. Willie Dixon may have been more savvy about copyrights than his counterparts, but he was no stranger to plagiarism himself. Most of the "songs" Dixon copyrighted could be considered public domain. Besides, as was the case with "Traveling Riverside Blues," the Zeppelin version often bore little (if any) resemblance to the original. Page: "...Robert was supposed to change the [lyrics], and he didn't always do that--which is what brought on most of our grief." [...] "So, anyway, if there is any plagiarism, just blame Robert! (laughs)" ----------------------------------------------------------------- 19 - What's Zeppelin's best song/album? This is a purely subjective opinion -- there's no right answer. Albums -- _IV_ has sold the most copies, though it never hit #1 (it was behind Carole King's _Tapestry_). Critics and fans usually pick either _IV_ or _Physical Graffiti_ as the best, though the album most often cited by musicians as being influential in their early development is _II_. Plant's favorite is _Physical Graffiti_. Songs -- "Stairway To Heaven" is one of the most-requested and most-played rock songs of all time. It was never released as a single, so comparisons to "I Will Always Love You" (by Whitney Houston--the biggest-selling single of all time) are not applicable. The band seems to feel that "Kashmir" captures their essence better than any other song, though Page and Jones profess abiding love for "Stairway To Heaven," and Page is particularly proud of "Achilles Last Stand." Plant loathes "Stairway." ----------------------------------------------------------------- 20 - Is there any more unreleased material? There are very few (if any) unreleased _studio_ Zeppelin songs, as most of the extras appeared on _Physical Graffiti_, _Coda_, and the boxed sets. There are quite a few jams and alternate takes floating around, however. _Nirvana_ reported the existence of a few more unreleased tracks, which had found their way to the band through a third-party. As far as professionally-recorded live audio and video, most of this still resides in Page's vaults, though many of the soundboard bootlegs of the past few years were mastered from tapes stolen from Page's house. The 1977 tour in particular is known to be pretty thoroughly recorded. Page: "We also have live tapes going back to 1970, that go all the way through Knebworth in 1979." This long-rumored Page-produced live retrospective is unlikely to appear. George Marino of Sterling Sound is quoted about Page's attitude toward releasing live material -- "Even if they were guaranteed to sell a million of a live thing, I don't think he'd put it out if he didn't feel that the playing was good enough." Page has recently expressed some interest in releasing live material (audio and video), but Plant has killed the idea. Page: "But Robert has never been keen on doing it. You can't very well do it if someone is vetoing the bloody thing. It's a lot of work to go through all these tapes, and I'm not going to do it if he's going to stop it." However, the fate of one particular outtake _is_ known. In his essay for the boxed set, Cameron Crowe mentioned the "unreleased 'Swan Song,'" a solo guitar work in the same tuning as "Kashmir" and "White Summer". According to Crowe in a recent Prodigy article, this tune was incorporated into Page's live "White Summer"/"Black Mountain Side"/"Kashmir" medley (bits of it can be heard as early as 1970) and eventually resurfaced as part of a "work-in-progress" with Paul Rodgers on the American leg of the ARMS tour. Later, it was fleshed out to become the core of the song "Midnight Moonlight" on the Firm's first album. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 21 - How does the band feel about bootlegs? First of all, a few definitions--"bootlegs" are, in this case, defined as live concert recordings, studio outtakes, radio broadcasts, and similar material neither released nor sanctioned by the band or its management. They are not to be confused with counterfeit copies of legitimate releases, which are uniformly denounced and actively prosecuted by the law. In the past, Peter Grant used to make surprise stops in record stores to destroy any Zeppelin bootlegs he found. He also confiscated or destroyed any microphones and recording equipment he found at concerts. Since then, however, the band has mellowed considerably on the subject. Jimmy Page: "_Coda_ was released, basically, because there was so much bootleg stuff out. We thought, 'Well, if there's that much interest, then we may as well put the rest of our studio stuff out.'" Yet another reason the much-discussed chronological live album has not been released is, according to Page, because, "there are so many bootlegs around that people who are interested have probably made up their own compilation." He also has said, on the possibility of more studio outtakes being released: "Ah, no. There's some great live stuff. But there's also some great live bootlegs, ha ha. Thank God they're there and thanks to the people who send me these things. I listen to them and go, 'My God, that was good. I wish it had been recorded on the line.'" Robert Plant has often been known to autograph bootlegs, and all three members have from time to time requested copies of some of the better known productions. And a Page fan reports meeting Page and giving him a copy of a 10-album Zeppelin bootleg set. Page said, "Thanks," and continued walking on, as rock stars usually do when fans hand them something. But when he saw that the gift was a bootleg, Page stopped, went back to the fan, and said, "Thanks! This is great!" Page's opinion of boots has soured somewhat since the release of _Outrider_, however, as his house was broken into during the early recording stages. Among the items stolen were the demo tapes for what was to be a 2-album release (rather than the 1 that came out as _Outrider_), numerous studio outtakes and live soundboard recordings which have since flooded the market, and the pro-shot Knebworth video from 8-11-79. Plant's opinion of live material in general seems to have soured a bit as well, though whether or not he makes a distinction in the case of bootlegs is not known. Interestingly, he was recently spotted in a bootleg store in New York, searching for a copy of the Page/Plant/Bombay Symphony recordings. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 22 - Where do I get bootlegs? This is a touchy subject, as the sale, distribution, and receipt of bootlegs is illegal. To protect the list from the (extremely unlikely) possiblility of litigation, care must be taken to seperate the illegal aspects of bootlegging from the (perfectly legal) academic discussion of them. Lists of traders will not appear in this FAQL, nor should the specifics of trading appear in the list. Bootleg lists, actual trades, bids, and the like should _not_ be posted. If these subjects (for some reason) _must_ be addressed, do so in a general and non-specific manner. Caution should be exercised for the protection of both the list and the traders themselves. Having supplied the necessary disclaimers: Small (non-chain) record stores that advertise "New-Old-Used" records almost always carry bootleg albums and CDs, as well as some out-of-print stuff. _Goldmine_ and _Record Collector_ magazine can be scanned for sources, though _Goldmine_ no longer allows small collectors to specifically advertise bootlegs. Tape trading, the most popular form of collecting, is usually restricted to individuals rather than organizations or companies. Though beginning collectors often have no choice, many tape traders frown upon the "sale" of bootlegs--preferring "even" trades (sometimes with postage compensation) to buying and selling. Most often, simply posting to the list and stating your desire to find unreleased Zeppelin material will start the ball rolling. If you have bootlegs that you want to trade, then a post to that effect is acceptable (while a detailed list may not be). Note that the discussion of bootlegs is in no way illegal, and is an important facet of the list's discussions. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 23 - Which bootlegs should I start with? This is a very short list of the most popular collections/shows culled from _A Celebration_ and ZOSO Magazine. A more up-to-date version is in preparation. Apologies if your favorites were left out: The ZOSO Top Ten CDs: Tour Over Europe '80 (Zurich), Moonlight/Dinosaur, Dallas '75, Classics Off The Air I, II, & III, Blueberry Hill, Live In San Francisco, Destroyer (Archive version), Stokes '73, Rotterdam '80, Silver Coated Rails/Rock & Roll Recommendations culled from a special ZOSO feature and _A Celebration_: LP's -- Bonzo's Birthday Party, Cologne 1980, Copenhagen Warm-Ups--The 2nd Night, Feel All Right, Fillmore West 1969, V 1/2 (Highway or TMQ), For Badgeholders Only, Going To California, How Many More Times, Knebworth (Stork), Live At The Budokan, Pb (a/k/a Mudslide), No Quarter, Tangible Vandalism, Three Days After, 214, 207.19, LA Forum--A Night At The Heartbreak Hotel, Persistence, Live at the Chicago Stadium, Bonzo's Last Ever Gig In Berlin, The Can, In The Light '69-'85, Something Else, Hiawatha Express, The Making Of Friends, Studio Rehearsals May 1970, Inedits, Out Through The Back Door, The Last Rehearsal, Listen To This Eddie, Strange Tales From The road, Alpha Omega, White Summer, Live at the London Lyceum, Bath Festival 1970, My Brain Hurts, Quantient, Bonzo's Birthday Party CDs -- (in addition to above list)--Something Else, Studio Daze, Last Stand/ Final Touch, Jennings Farm Blues Tapes--2-1-69 Fillmore East, 4-7-70 Raleigh NC, 9-29-71 Festival Hall Osaka, 6-9-71 Charlotte NC, 6-19-72 Seattle, 6-25-72 The Forum LA, 10-4 & 10-9-72 Osaka, 5-5-73 Tampa, 5-13-73 Mobile AL, 5-14-73 New Orleans, 5-19-73 Fort Worth, 7-6-73 Chicago, 7-21-73 Providence, 7-26-73 Buffalo, 2-12-75 MSG NY, 2-28-75 Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, 3-5-75 Dallas, 3-10-75 San Diego, 3-24 & 3-25 & 3-27-75 LA Forum, 5-(17,18,23,24,25)-75 Earls Court, 6-7-77 MSG NY, 6-19-77 San Diego, 6-(21,25,27)-77 LA Forum, 7-23-77 Oakland, 8-11-79 Knebworth, 7-2 & 7-3-80 Mannheim Videos -- Danish TV 1969, 1-9-70 Royal Albert Hall, 1-21-75 Chicago, 2-8-75 Philadelphia, 3-75 Seattle, 3-24-75 LA Forum, 5-18-77 Birmingham, 7-23-77 Oakland, 7-11-79 Knebworth, 7-5-80 Munich Note that there's duplication and overlap in the above lists. A few notes about formats--the quality of CD releases is only occasionally better than other formats, but the permanence and playback advantages of CDs have convinced many collectors to concentrate on them. The CDs are not always tracked well, though-- track markers are often misplaced or missing altogether. LPs suffer from quality problems with repeated playback and scratching, but have the advantage of better packaging. Tapes are the cheapest option, and suffer the most from each playback/ copy--thus low generation tapes are prized by tape traders. However, tapes have two significant advantages over other formats: many shows have never appeared on CD or LP, and complete concerts are much easier to obtain on this format (CDs and LPs exhibit the so-called "slice and dice" mentality of bootleggers trying to deal with maximum time strictures and still make money). ----------------------------------------------------------------- 24 - Are there any books on Led Zeppelin? Many. Few good ones, though. The key resources are: _Led Zeppelin_ -- Howard Mylett _Led Zeppelin In The Light_ -- Howard Mylett and Richard Bunton _Led Zeppelin: The Definitive Biography_ -- Richie Yorke _Led Zeppelin In Their Own Words_ -- Paul Kendall _Led Zeppelin: A Visual Documentary_ -- Paul Kendall _Led Zeppelin Portraits_ -- Neal Preston -- This book is a must-have, as Preston was an "official" photographer and knew better than anyone how to capture Zeppelin's mystique. _Led Zeppelin: The Final Acclaim_ -- Dave Lewis _Led Zeppelin: The Book_ -- Chris Welch _Stairway To Heaven_ -- Richard Cole -- Basically a rewrite of _Hammer Of The Gods_, with a few more personal stories and photos thrown in. Less ridiculous speculation than Davis' book, though. Page: "There's a book written by our former road manager, Richard Cole that has made me completely ill. I'm so mad about it that I can't even bring myself to read the whole thing. The two bits that I have read are so ridiculously false, that I'm sure if I read the rest I'd be able to sue Cole and the publishers. But it would be so painful to read that it wouldn't be worth it. _The Illustrated Collectors Guide To Led Zeppelin_ -- Robert Godwin -- Another must-have, covers the legal and bootleg discographies on vinyl and CD. The 3rd edition is the latest (and possibly last)--the incredible pace of CD releases makes much of this obsolete, however. _Led Zeppelin Live (An Illustrated Exploration Of Underground Tapes)_ -- Luis Rey -- Features concert reviews, photos, and bootleg descriptions, along with the matching of concerts to specific bootlegs. Susan Pickel-Hedrick and Base Hedrick (editors of the Page fanzine _Oh Jimmy_) also edited this book. It is available from Hot Wacks Press, 544 Owen Sound, N4K 5R1, Canada for $14.99 plus $3.00 postage. _Led Zeppelin A Celebration_ -- Dave Lewis -- The principal resource for this FAQL. Incredible. _Led Zeppelin Heaven And Hell_ -- Charles Cross and Erik Flannigan, with Neal Preston -- another key resource for this FAQL. _Jimmy Page: Tangents Within A Framework_ -- Howard Mylett _Live Dreams_ -- (author unknown) Contact: LRC Limited P.O. Box 10648 Chicago, IL 60610-6048 (USA) and, of course: _Hammer Of The Gods_ -- Stephen Davis -- The band denounces it. It's mostly the whisperings of tour manager/perpetual addict Richard Cole, whose own book is much more valuable for this type of insight. Readers should know that Stephen Davis once claimed (quite seriously), in an interview for a Zeppelin fanzine, that Jimmy Page had put some sort of curse on him. Read at your own risk. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 25 - Are there any music books featuring Led Zeppelin? "Stairway To Heaven" -- Warner Brothers (piano, notation + tab, tab, easy piano) This exists in all 4 formats--the notation + tab format is licensed by Warner Brothers to _Guitar For The Practicing Musician_, the easy piano edition exists as a Warner Brothers production and in a format licensed to Dan Coates. _Led Zeppelin Complete_ -- Superhype/Warner Brothers (piano or piano + tab) Music from the first 5 albums. This also exists in an Intermediate Guitar format. _Led Zeppelin Complete Vol. 2_ -- Superhype/Flames Of Albion/ Warner Brothers (piano or piano + tab) Music from the last 4 studio albums. This is not yet widely available, it seems. _Led Zeppelin Guitar Superstar Series_ -- Warner Brothers (tab) Intermediate guitar transcriptions. _Led Zeppelin_ -- Warner Brothers (notation + tab) A 2-book companion to the 4CD set, features notation and tablature for all instruments used on the boxed set tracks. The transcription is excellent, though the lyrical interpretations leave something to be desired. Whether or not this process will be repeated for _Boxed Set 2_ is unknown. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 26 - Are there any magazines/fanzines about Led Zeppelin? Note: this section is provided for information only. No endorsement or guarantee of the services provided is intended. The Ocean 46 Briarwood Drive Westwood, MA 02090 (USA) Oh Jimmy P.O. Box 80287 Lansing, MI 48908 (USA) Oh Jimmy - The Jimmy Page Fanzine Via Pedritti N. 12 41015 Nonantola (Modena) Italy Electric Magic 186 Bordeaux Dr. Woodbridge Ontario Canada L4L 8B6 phone (416)850-2089 $35 Canadian per year (Canada), $35 US per year (US). Monthly. Tight But Loose 14 Totnes Close Bedford MK40 3AX Four issues of the Tight But Loose magazine PLUS four additional information service newsletters:- UK------------- 16 all prices inclusive of Europe--------- 21 all postage costs USA/Canada----- 28 Australia/Japan 31 all prices in pounds Payment: by cheque/postal order/eurocheque/international money order in UK sterling only. Payable to D. Lewis. The magazine is also available individually to non-subscribers at the following rates: UK 3.50 Europe 4.50 again, prices in pounds USA/Canada 6.00 Japan/Australia 6.50 Founded by Dave Lewis, this was the premiere fanzine during Led Zeppelin's active years. This publication has resurfaced, including: The Tight But Loose magazine: the original Led Zeppelin magazine edited and researched by Dave Lewis. Packed with all the latest news and reviews on the group and related solo projects. Informative features, exclusive interviews, Celebration updates, collecting focus and rare visuals make this Zep periodical the essential companion to their music, past and present. Published twice annually. The information service newsletter: The additional interim detailed newsletter that bridges the gap between magazines. Available to subscribers only, this update of news and views is a further aid in staying ahead of all the latest Zep related activity. Back issue information: Issues 1 to 6 sold out Still available - Tight But Loose 7 - The Celebration Update Special issue sequel to the Dave Lewis book Led Zeppelin _A Celebration_. 40,000 word chapter by chapter update. "It goes without saying that anyone who enjoyed Led Zep _A Celebration_ needs a copy of Tight But Loose 7 to sit on the shelf beside it" (Record Collector) UK 4.00 Europe 5.00 USA/Canada 6.5 Japan/Australia 7.00 prices in pounds. (thanks to Chris for the above info) Also, a word about _ZOSO Magazine_ -- due to financial difficulties, the production of _ZOSO_ has apparently ceased--permanently. The status of merchandising, etc. is unknown. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 27 - Are there any Led Zeppelin fan clubs? Not that Digital Graffiti is aware of. Sadly, _Nirvana_ has come to an abrupt end in both its fanzine and fan club formats. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 28 - Where do I get Led Zeppelin collectibles (other than bootlegs)? Super-collector Rick Barrett can be contacted at: Rick Barrett PO Box 66262 Houston, TX 77266-6262 fax 713-680-0325 And, of course, almost any music magazine has advertisements for Zeppelin shirts, posters, keychains, etc. _Goldmine_ magazine is a source for hard-to-find collectibles. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 29 - Where can I get online lyrics, tabulature, GIFs, etc.? ***(Note: Info is not guaranteed, and sources remain incomplete and unverified)*** ***(Note 2: This section is under revision and may be changed significantly in the future)*** Lyrics -- correct lyrics for the Zeppelin catalog are largely unavailable. The lyric transcription in the boxed set folio is terrible, the lyrics in _Complete_ are deliberately incorrect in places, and there are no canonical sources for the rest. _Presence_, for instance, remains a particularly hard album to complete lyrics for. See addresses below. See also the section on "music books about Led Zeppelin." (Digital Graffiti has put some effort into improving the lyrical transcriptions, which will be sent to the lyrics archive as they are modified.) Tabs -- the boxed set folio has excellent tablature (and standard notation) for vocals, all guitars, bass, drums and percussion, keyboards, and all other instruments. See addresses below. See also the section listing "music books about Led Zeppelin." GIFs -- See addresses below. Fonts -- The _HOTH_ font, with the "four symbols," is available as a TrueType Font for Win 3.1 at: host: nic.switch.edu location: software/msdos/win3/fonts/truetype/kashmir.zip Another _great_ source of info is the Hypercard stack put together by our own Brian Davies. Info: ***************************************************************** "The Led Zeppelin Stack (v1.2) is an interactive database of lyrics, artwork, set lists, sound samples, trivia and reviews. The stack will run on any Mac with System 6.0 or greater and HyperCard 2.0 or greater. It is constantly expanding, and as of this writing it contains the most complete collection of lyrics available on the net, about 400K of sounds and art from all the albums and then some. Songs, albums and concerts are cross-referenced for easy traversal of the stack. To subscribe to the stack, mail $10 and either an e-mail address or a formatted disk & SASE to Brian Davies, 1310 Chicago Ave., Apt. 2A, Evanston, IL 60201. Questions or comments are welcome; I can be reached at davies@medici.ils.nwu.edu. ***************************************************************** FTP sites with Zeppelin info include: ftp.nevada.edu pub/guitar (tabs) sumex-aim.stanford.edu info-mac fonts (_HOTH_ font) card (Hypercard stack of Zeppelin info) sound (Zeppelin samples) Host cs.uwp.edu (or ftp.uwp.edu) Location: /pub/music/discog FILE -rw-r--r-- 3319 Dec 20 1990 zeppelin Location: /pub/music/lyrics/files DIRECTORY drwxr-xr-x 512 Nov 21 1991 led.zeppelin Anyone who can do an Archie search can find many more sources for info, GIFs, etc. Ask the list for help if you need to. ----------------------------------------------------------------- ***END PART 1*** ***************************************************************** DIGITAL GRAFFITI The Led Zeppelin Mailing List presents THE LED ZEPPELIN FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS LIST v7.2 2-1-93 ***************************************************************** ***PART 2*** A few notes: -- This is a FAQL, _not_ an obscure Led Zeppelin trivia file. -- Information will be added to or deleted from this file as it becomes necessary, or at the whim of the author. -- This incredibly long and wordy document was authored by Thor Iverson, with help from the members of Digital Graffiti and a _lot_ of help from Dave Lewis (thanks Dave). Contact Thor at tiverson@lynx.dac.neu.edu with comments, additions, corrections, etc. -- This file may be freely distributed through any digital realm. Hardcopies may be produced for personal use. This list may _not_ be distributed for profit, monetary or otherwise; nor may any part of it be excerpted for profit without the expressed written or email consent of the author or the author's duly-appointed representative. -- A very, very special thank you to "Speed Racer". -- Sincere thanks to Kevin Rauch, Maurice Maes, Steve Portigal, Mike Bacigalupi, Chris Milazzo, Matt Hill, Jody Hay, Bryan Durall, Tim Ames, Jim Browne, Jeff Lester, Steve Kilpatrick, Bill Hunter, Brian Davies, Mike Hutchinson, Toshiaki Tanaka, Shawn Sarazin, Mike Corso, John Harper, Steve Pinder, Denis Shortall, Colin Irwin and all others who've helped. If you sent me suggestions and I haven't acknowledged you (that is, I erased your email) let me know! ----------------------------------------------------------------- Contents of this file: (continued from part 1) 30 - What did the members of Led Zeppelin do after the band broke up? 31 - Is Led Zeppelin getting back together? 32 - What albums has Jimmy Page released? 33 - Coverdale/Page tour dates. 34 - What albums has Robert Plant released? 35 - Robert Plant tour dates. 36 - What albums has John Paul Jones released? 37 - Who were the other artists on the Swan Song label? 38 - What is _The Song Retains The Name_? 39 - Who is Dread Zeppelin and how does the band feel about them? 40 - Did Jimmy Page invent bowing (the guitar)? 41 - What's this "theramin" thing that Jimmy Page uses? 42 - Is Jimmy Page a Satanist? 43 - Are there backwards messages in "Stairway To Heaven"? ----------------------------------------------------------------- 30 - What did the members of Led Zeppelin do after the band broke up? (For more complete information, consult the discography sections.) Jones recorded the soundtrack for _Scream For Help_, with the assistance of Page and Yes' Jon Anderson. He produced albums by Mission UK, John Renbourn, Stefan Grossman, and his daughter (Jacinda Jones), as well as a group he referred to as "industrial flamenco": La Sura Dels Baus. He did string arrangements for Cinderella's _Heartbreak Station_, Raging Slab's _Dynamite Monster Boogie Concert_, and REM's _Automatic For The People_, guested on a Brian Eno album, and appeared on Peter Gabriel's _Us_ playing surdu, bass, and keyboards. He appeared in Paul McCartney's movie and soundtrack for _Give My Regards To Broadstreet_. He appeared on stage with Plant once (in December 1983), during the _Principle Of Moments_ tour. He composed for and performed with the early music ensemble Red Byrd. He appeared on and assisted with Ben E. King's reunion tour and album. He professes his interests to be in keyboards and dance music, rather than rock. Most recently, he produced and played some bass on the newest Butthole Surfers album, _Independent Worm Saloon_. His latest project is a symphonic album, though he reported that he is working on a solo album (on which guitarist Paul Leary of the Surfers would probably appear). He also made a surprise appearance as Lenny Kravitz's bassist at the 1993 MTV Video Music Awards. He is married and has three children. Plant released 6 solo albums -- _Pictures At Eleven_, _The Principle Of Moments_, _Shaken 'N' Stirred_, _Now & Zen_, _Manic Nirvana_, and _Fate of Nations_. He was the vocalist for the Honeydrippers' only album, which also featured Jimmy Page on "Sea Of Love" and "I Get A Thrill." He appeared on the _Porky's_ and _White Nights_ soundtracks, and also on an album of Elvis covers. He contributed vocals for the song "The Only One" on Page's _Outrider_. And, of course, he did a Coke commercial structured around the song "Tall Cool One." He had a relationship with Canadian singer Alannah Myles. He is currently divorced, and has 2 children (Carmen and Logan) from a previous marriage, as well as (according to VOX magazine) a child from another relationship. His first son, Karac, is deceased, and his daughter Carmen is married to his current bassist, Charlie Jones. Page composed and recorded the soundtrack to the film _Death Wish 2_. He jammed extensively, with (among others) Jeff Beck, Yes, Foreigner, Bon Jovi, Aerosmith, Poison, Eric Clapton, Ian Stewart, Roy Harper, Alexis Korner, Robert Plant, The Beach Boys, Jaco Pastorius, Solid Ground, Mason Ruffner, and even Harry Connick, Jr. He appeared on albums by Willie and The Poor Boys, Stephen Stills, and Box Of Frogs (an ex-Yardbirds reunion). He teamed up with Paul Rodgers of Bad Company, Tony Franklin from Roy Harper's band (last seen with Blue Murder) and Chris Slade of Manfred Mann (now with AC/DC) to create The Firm, which released 2 albums--_The Firm_ and _Mean Business_. He participated in the British and American versions of the ARMS tour (to benefit MS) with Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Steve Winwood, Bill Wyman, Charlie Watts, Kenny Jones, Simon Phillips, and other British rock stars. He guested on two tracks from Plant's _Now & Zen_ album, "Heaven Knows" and "Tall Cool One." He released a solo album entitled _Outrider_ with Jason Bonham on drums and featuring Plant's vocals on one track--"The Only One." His most recent project was an album with David Coverdale (of Deep Purple and Whitesnake) entitled _Coverdale/Page_. He is married to a woman named Patricia and has two children--James (with his current wife) and Scarlet (with a previous girlfriend). Bonham, surprisingly enough, made it past the grave as the sampling source for the drum track of Frankie Goes To Hollywood's hit "Relax," and has been extensively sampled for rap beat compilations. He can be heard (in smapled form) on Power Station and early Beastie Boys albums, among others. Peter Grant was last reported to be working on the much-lamented Malcom McLaren biopic about Robert Plant (starring Jason Donovan), and also working on a film about his own life (according to an interview reprinted in _ZOSO_ magazine). The two projects may be related, and they may also be on indefinite hold. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 31 - Is Led Zeppelin getting back together? The reunion rumor season is upon us once again. Rumors abound that Page and Plant are getting together for an _Unplugged_, for a tour, for an album, and possibly for a three-way marriage with Tawny Kitaen. As with all Zeppelin reunion rumors, the trick is to believe only what you see--that is, if you actually _see_ what remains of Zeppelin performing somewhere, _then_ you can believe the rumor. The current furor started with a report in the Boston _Globe_ (echoed in other markets) that Page and Plant were doing an episode of MTV's _Unplugged_. MTV continues to deny knowledge of any such thing. Corollary rumors include the addition of the Bombay Symphony to the performance, the exclusion of Jones, and the Zeppelin _Unplugged_ being the final taping of the _Unplugged_ series. Diane Bettle/Lovett, the editor of _Nirvana_, believes that this is pretty much a certainty, and notes that some people have already been invited. The taping would take place in February or March in the same studio that Clapton recorded _his_ _Unplugged_ in, and would likely be called _Unleaded_. Rumors were sparked again by the Boston meetings of Page and Plant during Plant's two-night Orpheum Theater stand on his _Fate Of Nations_ tour. The pair was sighted all over Boston (including at the House Of Blues and Tower Records/Cambridge), and Page attended (but did not play at) both Plant performances. Members of Digital Graffiti even saw Mr. Page himself after one of the concerts. Now rumors of an album, or an album and a tour, are spreading. With the apparent breakup of Coverdale/Page (no more tour dates have been announced, stories abound that Coverdale is reforming Whitesnake and that Pratt is going on tour with Pink Floyd this spring/summer) and the gap in tour dates for Plant (from the end of the South American/Mexican/(possibly Texan) dates to announced summer dates in Europe) these rumors have gained credibility (at least, as much as these rumors ever have). Further information from Ms. Bettle/Lovett basically confirms the rumor that Page and Plant are working together again, and that Plant has cancelled any plans for a spring return to the US. In addition, a conversation between Jason Bonham (on tour with Paul Rodgers) and a member of Digital Graffiti also confirmed the rumor of their writing project. Incidentally, Atlantic reports that a Plant album of unknown content is due this fall. Adam Curry, MTV VJ and online "representative" for the channel (though not in an official sense) had this to say: "Hold on to your bongs and blacklights kids...Led Zeppelin will be regrouping in 1994. Yes, we all know Zep's late great drummer, John Bonhan is jammin' in Rock N' Roll heaven, but his son, Jason is juiced with the reunion idea. My overseas sources say lead singer, Robert Plant has given the go ahead!" And then there's this from Digital Graffiti reader Colin Irwin: "Anyway, I was enjoying a pint or three in the Red Cow, the pub closest to the Cambridge Corn Exchange when who should walk in but Jason Bonham [...] then [I] sidled up to Jason, with the intent of finding out if he was in on the rumoured Zep reunion. The answer was no, he hadn't been invited.. ..yet. What he did tell me was that Page & Plant are *definitely* working on new material." So there it is. Believe it...or not. ;-) This is, of course, not the first "reunion." A brief history: XYZ -- a project combining elements of Yes and Zeppelin. Chris Squire reports that he has tapes of songs that he, Alan White, Page, and possibly Jones (though no one has mentioned him) were involved in. The project crashed for lack of a vocalist -- namely, Plant -- and because of thinly veiled threats from various management interests. The name, in case someone hasn't figured it out, stands for "eX-Yes-and-Zeppelin". Live Aid -- On 13 July 1985, the 3 living members of Zeppelin, along with Paul Martinez (from Plant's band) on bass, Tony Thompson (of Chic) on drums, and Phil Collins (who had to fly over after his performance at Wembley) on drums, appeared at the Live Aid festival at JFK Stadium in Philadelphia. They performed "Rock And Roll," "Whole Lotta Love," and "Stairway To Heaven." Plant was hoarse from 4 consecutive nights of singing and a morning rehearsal, Page's guitar was out of tune, Collins and Thompson were lost much of the time, and Bill Graham, who was promoting, was pointing at his watch all through "STH" because Zeppelin was taking more than their allotted time. Ten days later, Page joined Plant on his solo tour for a few encores. Reunion #1 -- In January of 1986, Zeppelin and Tony Thompson met in secret in a village hall near Peter Gabriel's Bath studios. Plant handled bass chores while Jones played keyboards. They worked through "..two or three things that were quite promising, a sort of cross between David Byrne and Husker Du." (Plant) But it was not to be--Plant was not used to having to deal with Page's eccentricities (Page reportedly changed the batteries in his wah-wah pedal after every other song), and Tony Thompson was injured in a car accident. Plant walked out and the reunion crashed. Hammersmith Odeon -- 17 April 1988, Page joins Plant's tour for a blistering encore featuring "Trampled Underfoot," "Gambler's Blues/I Can't Quit You Baby/Since I've Been Loving You," "Misty Mountain Hop," and "Rock And Roll." Atlantic 40th -- 14 May 1988 -- A 12-hour tribute concert for Atlantic Records, which came to a climax with Zeppelin's performance (Jason Bonham on drums). Jason played well, but the night is generally considered a disaster. The rehearsal was (reportedly) brilliant. The evening arrived with the band better- rehearsed than they had been at Live Aid; but the concert ran late, upsetting Page's always fragile nerves--which caused him to drink a bit more than he should have. Not to be outdone, Plant had suddenly decided that he didn't want to sing "Stairway." He refused to change his mind until the band was literally standing onstage. The sound feed for the TV broadcast completely lost the keyboards, which made "Kashmir" sound rather thin. Plant was bumped by a fan during the same song, forgot the lyrics to one verse and later on forgot the words to "Stairway." Page's solos were somewhat of a disaster, though he did redeem himself a bit at the end of his "Stairway" solo. The set list was: "Kashmir," "Heartbreaker/Whole Lotta Love" (the Knebworth '79 arrangement), "Misty Mountain Hop," and "Stairway To Heaven." Carmen Plant's Birthday -- The band played at Carmen Plant's 21st birthday Party, once again with Jason on drums. Set list was "Trampled Underfoot," "Misty Mountain Hop," and "Rock And Roll." November 1989. Jason's Wedding -- The band also reformed for Jason Bonham's wedding, playing "Bring It On Home, "Rock And Roll," "Sick Again," "Custard Pie," and Jerry Lee Lewis' "It'll Be Me." Both this and the previous performance were said to be outstanding. 28 April 1990. Knebworth '90 -- Page joined Plant's band (despite rumours and even the official set list announcing Led Zeppelin's presence, Jones was nowhere to be found) for "Misty Mountain Hop," the first-ever Page-led performance of "Wearing And Tearing," and "Rock And Roll." Page had stood on the sidelines earlier as Plant's band covered "Immigrant Song" and "Going To California." Reunion #2 -- The following January, the members of Zeppelin met with Peter Grant to discuss a reunion tour. Lighting and sound companies were contacted, and stadiums were quietly reserved. After badgering Plant in public and private about the reunion, Page thought he had finally convinced him to go along with it. Both Page and Jones had expressed varying degrees of enthusiasm for the idea. But Plant, after agreeing to the tour and breaking for lunch, came back one hour later and said no. This angered Page immensely, and given Plant's rather critical attitude towards Zeppelin in the press, he allowed his displeasure to be known: "...Robert certainly wasn't doing anything...and there was a great feeling in the camp that we would probably be getting back together again in some shape or form -- some capacity -- whether it be a tour or what. But, I mean, as you can tell at this point it just didn't happen...[softly] it just didn't happen, so.... I think it's pretty safe to assume that if it didn't happen then... then...you know, it's...well, it's pretty dim any...any chance of it happening in the future. Everyone...I mean, as far as Jonesy and I were concerned, we were really keen to see it begin...get something going. But, you know, Robert just wasn't...[softly] wasn't interested. Well, at the time...I mean, I'll leave this for everybody's speculation: that he thought it would harm his solo career. That's...that's what he said, which is rather peculiar, but...but that's his reason." Relations between the two are sometimes amicable, sometimes dicey: Plant: "...I do find Jimmy's constant sort of complaining about the lack of Led Zeppelin in the major sort of festival auditoriums in the country a bit boring." Page: "Someone should just tell Robert to keep his mouth shut." ----------------------------------------------------------------- 32 - What albums has Jimmy Page released? This discography follows the format: _Title_ (release date) Label (artist, if not the subject of the discography) Song Title One, Song Title Two A list of videos. Any other relevant information. This discography will cover major releases only--most guest appearances will _not_ be included. Also, only new singles and older singles of particular interest will be listed. For a more complete discography, consult _A Celebration_ by Dave Lewis. Pre-Zeppelin: ------------- (Note: a sessionography for Page would be an enormous undertaking, thus it is not attempted here. However, there are a few sessions worth mentioning, as they sometimes come up in discussions: "Can't Explain"--The Who--Page on rhythm guitar. "You Really Got Me" & "All Day & All Of The Night"--The Kinks-- Page on rhythm and possibly lead, though Dave Davies disputes this. Other sessions are listed in the regular discography.) _Jimmy Page And Sonny Boy Williamson_ (1964) BYG Jam session also available as _Jimmy Page Special Early Works_ on Springboard. _Anthology Of British Blues Vol. 1 & 2_ (?) Immediate (various) Choker, Snake Drive, West Coast Idea, Tribute To Elmore, Freight Loader, Draggin' My Tail, etc. This collection also appears as _Best Of British Blues_, _Guitar Boogie_, _White Boy Blues_, and under of number of other titles. Basically, these are "basement" tapes recorded at Immediate and in Page's home studio, featuring Page, Eric Clapton, Mick Jagger, Ian Stewart, some of the Yardbirds, and other British rock luminaries. The exact personnel list for each track is unknown, however, as is exactly which tracks are actually _from_ these sessions. "She Just Satisfies" b/w "Keep Moving" (February 1965) Fontana Page plays all instruments but drums, and sings on the first track. _James Patrick Page--Session Man Vol. 1 & 2_ (?) Archive Productions International This two-volume LP and CD set features pre-Zeppelin studio work. "Hi Ho Silver Lining" b/w "Beck's Bolero" (1966) Columbia (Jeff Beck) The b-side is a Page composition featuring Beck, Page, Keith Moon, John Paul Jones, and Nicky Hopkins. It appears on Beck's album _Truth_ as well. _Little Games_ (1967) Epic, re-released on EMI (The Yardbirds) Little Games, Smile On Me, White Summer, Tinker Tailor Soldier Sailor, Glimpses, Drinking Muddy Water, No Excess Baggage, Stealing Stealing, Only The Black Rose, Little Soldier Boy On UK reissue only--Think About It, Remember The Night (Jimmy Page--guitars, Keith Relf--vocals and harmonica, Chris Dreja-- bass and rhythm guitar, Jim McCarty--drums and percussion) _Blow Up_ (March 1967) MGM (soundtrack) Stroll On The Yardbirds imitating the Who (Page on bass, Beck on guitar). The song is "Train Kept A Rollin'," rewritten by the band to avoid copyright problems. _Live Yardbirds With Jimmy Page_ (1971) CBS, re-released on Epic (The Yardbirds) Train Kept A Rollin', You're A Better Man Than I, I'm Confused, My Baby, Over Under Sideways Down, Drinking Muddy Water, Shapes Of Things, White Summer, I'm A Man Page used legal pressure to remove this album from stores. _Little Games Sessions & More_ (1992) EMI (The Yardbirds) Little Games, Smile On Me, White Summer, Tinker Tailor Soldier Sailor, Glimpses, Drinking Muddy Water, No Excess Baggage, Stealing Stealing, Only The Black Rose, Little Soldier Boy, Puzzles, I Remember The Night, Ha Ha Said The Clown, Ten Little Indians, Goodnight Sweet Josephine, Think About It, Little Games, You Stole My Love, White Summer, Tinker Tailor Soldier Sailor, LSD, Drinking Muddy Water, De Lane Lea Lee, Glimpses, Never Mind, Ten Little Indians, Goodnight, Sweet Josephine, Henry's Coming Home, Love Mum And Dad, Together Now, Shining Where The Sun Has Been, "Great Shakes" commercial spot (Jimmy Page--guitars, Keith Relf--vocals and harmonica, Chris Dreja--bass and rhythm guitar, Jim McCarty--drums and percussion) This 2-CD set is the third in a series of Yardbirds collections that completely document the band's studio work, including unreleased and alternate takes. _Jimmy's Back Pages...The Early Years_ (1992) Sony Les Fleurs De Lys--Circles, So Come On, Moondreams; The Blue Rondos--Baby I Go For You, Little Baby; The First Gear-- Gotta Make Their Future Bright, The "In" Crowd, A Certain Girl, Leave My Kitten Alone; Gregory Phillips--Please Believe Me, Angie; The Primitives--How Do You Feel, You Said; The Lancastrians--She Was Tall, We'll Sing In The Sunshine; Wayne Gibson & The Dynamic Sounds--See You Later Alligator, Kelly; The Authentics--Without You, Climing Through; Nico-- I'm Not Sayin', The Last Mile; Donovan--Sunshine Superman Jimmy's early session work. _Metamorphosis_ (1975) Decca (The Rolling Stones) Pre-1975 outtakes with Page's "assistance" on unspecified tracks. Mid-Zeppelin: ------------- _With A Little Help From My Friends_ (1968) Regal Zonophone (Joe Cocker) With A Little Help From My Friends, Bye Bye Blackbird, Marjorine _No Introduction Necessary_ (1968) Spark/Thunderbolt (various) Unknown. _Love Chronicles_ (January 1969) CBS (Al Stewart) Unknown. _Lord Sutch And Heavy Friends_ (June 1970) Atlantic (Lord Sutch) Wailing Sounds, 'Cause I Love You, Flashing Lights, Thumping Beat, Union Jack Car, Baby Come Back Page, Bonham, Jeff Beck, Noel Redding, Nicky Hopkins, and others recorded "new" versions of rock standards, which Sutch added "new" lyrics to later. Also available as _Smoke & Fire_ on Thunderbolt. _Stormcock_ (June 1971) Harvest (Roy Harper) Same Old Rock _Lifemask_ (February 1973) Harvest (Roy Harper) The Lord's Prayer _Flashes From The Archives Of Oblivion_ (November 1974) Harvest (Roy Harper) Page with Harper's band in a live show, Plant is hosting. Post-Zeppelin: -------------- _Death Wish 2_ (February 1982) Swan Song (soundtrack) Who's To Blame, The Chase, City Sirens, Jam Sandwich, Carole's Theme, The Release, Hotel Rats & Photostats, A Shadow In The City, Jill's Theme, Prelude, Big Band/Sax & Violence, Hypnotising Ways (Oh Mamma) (Jimmy Page--guitars and sythesizer guitars, Chris Farlowe--vocals, Gordon Edwards--piano and vocals, Dave Paton--bass, Dave Mattacks-- drums, Dave Lawson--arrangements) _Right By You_ (1984) Atlantic (Stephen Stills) 50/50, Right By You _The Honeydrippers, Vol. 1_ (November 1984) Atlantic (The Honeydrippers) Sea Of Love, I Get A Thrill _The Firm_ (February 1985) Atlantic (The Firm) Closer, Make Or Break, Someone To Love, Together, Radioactive, You've Lost That Lovin' Feeling, Money Can't Buy, Satisfaction Guaranteed, Midnight Moonlight (Jimmy Page--guitars, Paul Rodgers--guitar and vocals, Tony Franklin-- bass, Chris Slade--drums) There were videos released for "Radioactive" and "Satisfaction Guaranteed." _Whatever Happened To Jugula?_ (March 1985) Beggars Banquet (Roy Harper & Jimmy Page) Nineteen Forty-Eightish, Bad Speech, Hope, Hangman, Elizabeth, Frozen Moment, Twentieth Century Man, Advertisement (Another Intentional Irrelevant Suicide) (Roy Harper--guitars, vocals, percussion, Jimmy Page--guitars, Tony Franklin--bass, Nik Green--keyboards, Ronnie Brambles--drums, Steve Broughton--drums, Preston Heyman--drums, Nick Harper-- guitars) _Scream For Help_ (March 1985) Atlantic (soundtrack) Spaghetti Junction, Crackback Guitar on both tracks. _Willie And The Poorboys_ (1985) Decca (Willie And The Poorboys) These Arms Of Mine, Slippin' And Slidin' A video for "These Arms Of Mine" was released. _Mean Business_ (April 1986) Atlantic (The Firm) Fortune Hunter, Cadillac, All The King's Horses, Live In Peace, Tear Down The Walls, Dreaming, Free To Live, Spirit Of Love (Jimmy Page--guitars, Paul Rodgers--guitar and vocals, Tony Franklin--bass, Chris Slade--drums) There were videos released for "Tear Down The Walls," "All The King's Horses," and "Live In Peace." _Strange Land_ (1986) Epic (Box Of Frogs) Asylum This is the ex-Yardbirds' project. _Dirty Work_ (1986) Rolling Stones Records/CBS (The Rolling Stones) One Hit To The Body _In Between Every Line_ (1986) Harvest (Roy Harper) Short and Sweet, Referendum, Highway Blues Live from 1984. _Lucifer Rising_ (1987) Boleskine House Records (soundtrack) This features 23 minutes of Page's headache-inducing "music" for the Kenneth Anger film of the same name. There are innumerable bootlegs of this. Note: the catalog number of the "original" is BHR 666. _Now and Zen_ (February 1988) Es Paranza (Robert Plant) Heaven Knows, Tall Cool One Guitar solos on both tracks. _Outrider_ (June 1988) Geffen Wasting My Time[%], Wanna Make Love, Writes Of Winter, The Only One[+@], Liquid Mercury[@$], Hummingbird[*], Emerald Eyes[@$], Prison Blues[*@], Blues Anthem[*@] (Jimmy Page--acoustic, electric, and synthesizer guitars, John Miles--vocals, [*]Chris Farlowe--vocals, [+]Robert Plant--vocals, Durban Laverde--bass, [@]Felix Krish--bass, [%]Tony Franklin-- bass, Jason Bonham--drums, [$]Barrymore Barlow--drums) There was a video released for "Wasting My Time." _Coverdale/Page_ (16 March 1993) Geffen (Coverdale/Page) Shake My Tree, Waiting On You, Take Me For A Little While, Pride And Joy, Over Now, Feeling Hot, Easy Does It, Take A Look At Yourself, Don't Leave Me This Way, Absolution Blues, Whisper A Prayer For The Dying (Jimmy Page--acoustic and electric 6 & 12-string guitars, dulcimer, harmonica & other stringed instruments, David Coverdale--vocals and acoustic guitar, Ricky Phillips & Jorge Casas--bass, Denny Carmassi--drums, John Harris--harmonica, Lester Mendez--keyboards) Videos for "Pride & Joy" and "Take Me For A Little While" have been released. In the "Pride & Joy" video, Page is playing (among a range of acoustic and electric guitars--including the doubleneck) a dulcimer. An upcoming EP release with songs not on the album was mentioned by both Page and Coverdale. 5 or 6 songs (including one entitled "Saccharine") are left, according to a Guitar World interview. The cover (done by Hugh Syme, who does Rush's covers (among others')) features a merge sign in a variety of locations. Coverdale: "This is the traffic sign that means two roads joining to one road. We were trying to express _unification_ or _joining together_." "Take Me For A Little While" b/w "Easy Does It" 7" single (1993) Geffen "Take Me For A Little While" cassette single (November 1993) Geffen Take Me For A Little While, Easy Does It "Take Me For A Little While" CD single (September 1993) EMI/Geffen Take Me For A Little While (album version), Take Me For A Little While (acoustic version), Take Me For A Little While (edit), Shake My Tree (guitar crunch mix) "Take A Look At Yourself" Limited Edition CD single (November 1993) EMI/Geffen Take A Look At Yourself (album version), Take A Look At Yourself (acoustic version), Take A Look At Yourself (with girls), Waiting On You -------------------------------------------------------------- 33 - Coverdale/Page tour dates. There are none. They have finished their tour of Japan, and by all accounts have parted ways. The US tour dates that were announced and then cancelled in the fall of 1993 have not been rescheduled. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 34 - What albums has Robert Plant released? This discography follows the format: _Title_ (release date) Label (artist, if not the subject of the discography) Song Title One, Song Title Two... A list of videos. Any other relevant information. This discography will cover major releases only--most guest appearances will _not_ be included. Also, only new singles and older singles of particular interest will be listed. For a more complete discography, consult _A Celebration_ by Dave Lewis. Pre-Zeppelin: ------------- "You Better Run" b/w "Everybody's Gonna Say" (October 1966) CBS/Columbia 45 with the band Listen "Our Song" b/w "Laughing, Crying, Laughing" (March 1967) CBS 45 "Long Time Coming" b/w "I've Got A Secret" (September 1967) CBS 45 _In The Forest_ (1989) Forest Music compilation with the Band Of Joy on the track "Adriatic Sea View" Mid-Zeppelin: ------------- _The Concerts For Kampuchea_ (February 1981) (various artists) Rockestra Theme, Let It Be, Lucille (all live, with Jones and Bonham), Little Sister (live with Rockpile) A video for "Little Sister" was released. Post-Zeppelin: -------------- _Pictures At Eleven_ (June 1982) Swan Song Burning Down One Side, Moonlight In Samosa, Pledge Pin, Slow Dancer[*], Worse Than Detroit, Fat Lip, Like I've Never Been Gone[*], Mystery Title (Robbie Blunt--guitars, Paul Martinez--bass, Jezz Woodroffe--keys & synths, Phil Collins & [*]Cozy Powell--drums, Raphael Ravenscroft-- saxophone) A video for "Burning Down One Side" was released. _The Principle Of Moments_ (June 1983) Es Paranza Other Arms, In The Mood, Messin' With The Mekon, Wreckless Love, Thru With The Two Step, Horizontal Departure, Stranger Here...Than Over There, Big Log (Robbie Blunt--guitars, Paul Martinez--bass, Jezz Woodroffe-- keyboards, Phil Collins & Barriemore Barlow--drums, John David & Ray Martinez--backing vocals) Videos for "In The Mood" and "Big Log" were released. The title refers to physics (as in "moments of inertia.") _The Honeydrippers Volume One_ (October 1984) Es Paranza (The Honeydrippers) I Get A Thrill, Sea Of Love, I Got A Woman, Young Boy Blues, Rockin' At Midnight Videos were released for "Sea Of Love" and "Rockin' At Midnight." Jimmy Page plays guitar on "Sea Of Love" and "I Get A Thrill." Jeff Beck plays guitar on "Rockin' At Midnight." _Shaken N' Stirred_ (May 1985) Es Paranza Hip To Hoo, Kallalou Kallalou, Too Loud, Trouble Your Money, Pink And Black, Little By Little, Doo Doo A Do Do, Easily Lead, Sixes And Sevens (Robbie Blunt--guitars and synthesized guitars, Paul Martinez-- bass & guitar, Jezz Woodroffe--keyboards, Ritchie Hayward--drums, Toni Halliday--backing vocals) Videos were relased for "Little By Little" and "Pink And Black." _Little By Little Collectors' Edition_ (1985) Es Paranza Little By Little (remix), Easily Lead (live), Rockin' At Midnight (live), Sixes And Sevens _Porky's Revenge_ (1985) CBS (soundtrack) Philadelphia Baby (under the name Crawling King Snakes) _White Nights_ (1985) Atlantic (soundtrack) Far Post _Now And Zen_ (March 1988) Es Paranza Heaven Knows[*], Dance On My Own, Tall Cool One[*], The Way I Feel, Helen Of Troy, Billy's Revenge, Ship Of Fools, Why, White Clean And Neat, Walking Towards Paradise (CD only) (Doug Boyle--guitars, Phil Scragg--bass, Phil Johnstone--keyboards & guitar, Chris Blackwell--drums & percussion, Toni Halliday & Marie Pierre & Kristy MacColl--backing vocals, Jimmy Page[*]-- guitar solos, Jerry Wayne--voiceover on "White, Clean, And Neat") Videos for "Heaven Knows," "Ship Of Fools," and "Tall Cool One" were released. "Ship Of Fools" CD single (September 1988) Es Paranza Ship Of Fools, Helen Of Troy (live), Dimples (live) _Outrider_ (June 1988) Geffen (Jimmy Page) The Only One _Manic Nirvana_ (March 1990) Es Paranza Hurting Kind (I've Got My Eyes On You), Big Love, SSS&Q, I Cried, She Said, Nirvana, Tie Die On The Highway, Your Ma Said You Cried In Your Sleep Last Night, Anniversary, Liar's Dance, Watching You (Doug Boyle--guitars, Charlie Jones--bass, Phil Johnstone--keyboards & guitars, Chris Blackwell--drums & guitars, Siddi Makain Mushkin & Laila Cohen & Caroline Harding & Mickey Groome & Rob Stride--backing vocals) Videos for "Hurting Kind" and "Nirvana" were released. The "noise" on "Your Ma..." is from the sampled drum track of the original song, by Schlaks & Glaser. _Manic Nirvana Limited Edition_ (1990) Es Paranza A red digipak (featuring Plant's wolf logo on the cover), a specially-printed CD (with the red wolf logo again), pictures of the band and Plant in the liner notes, and packaged with a red tapestry with the wolf logo and "Robert Plant" in black lettering. "Hurting Kind" CD single (March 1990) Es Paranza Hurting Kind, I Cried, Oompah (Watery Bint) "Hurting Kind" CD single (March 1990) Es Paranza Hurting Kind, Don't Look Back, Oompah (Watery Bint), One Love "Your Ma Said You Cried In Your Sleep Last Night" CD single (June 1990) Es Paranza Your Ma Said...(remix), Your Ma Said...(album version), She Said, One Love _The Last Temptation Of Elvis_ (1990) NME (various artists) Let's Have A Party _Knebworth: The Album_ (July 1990) Polygram (various artists) Hurting Kind, Liar's Dance, Tall Cool One, Wearing And Tearing (with Jimmy Page) _Fate Of Nations_ (June 1993) Es Paranza Calling To You, Down To The Sea, Come Into My Life, I Believe, 29 Palms, Memory Song (Hello Hello), If I Were A Carpenter, Promised Land, The Greatest Gift, Great Spirit, Network News (Robert Plant--vocals, guitar, harmonica, Doug Boyle--guitar, Francis Dunnery--guitar, Phil Johnstone--guitar, harmonium, piano, electric piano, organ, vocals, "electric orchestra," Kevin Scott MacMichael--guitar, vocals, Richard Thompson--guitar, Oliver J. Woods--guitar, Charlie Jones--bass, Chris Blackwell--drums, Chris Hughes--drums, Michael Lee--drums, Pete Thompson--drums, Martin Allcock--mandolin, Phillip Andrews--keyboards, Nigel Eaton--hurdy- gurdy, Nigel Kennedy--violin, Navazish Ali Khan--violin, Gurdev Singh--dilruba, sarod, Sursie Singh--sarangi, Rainer Ptacek--steel guitar, Maire Brennan--vocals, John Flynn--vocals, Steve French-- vocals, Julian Taylor--vocals, Lynton Naiff--string arrangements) Videos for "Calling To You," "29 Palms," and "I Believe" have been released. The European version of the album contains a track not on the US version, entitled "Colours Of A Shade". "If I Were A Carpenter" is a Tim Hardin song. "29 Palms" cassingle (June 1993) Es Paranza 29 Palms, Whole Lotta Love "29 Palms" CD single (June 1993) Es Paranza (paper-cover) 29 Palms, Whole Lotta Love "29 Palms" CD single (June 1993) Fontana/Es Paranza (jewel box) 29 Palms, 21 Years, Dark Moon "29 Palms" CD single Limited Edition (June 1993) Fontana/Es Paranza (digipak) 29 Palms, 21 Years, Dark Moon, Whole Lotta Love "Calling To You" CD single (September 1993) Fontana/Es Paranza (jewel box) Calling To You, Naked If I Want To, 8'05 "Calling To You" CD single (September 1993) Fontana/Es Paranza (digipak) 5 mixes of "Calling To You"--Song To Kalsoum, Shookran Sah- Abi, Always My Heart, Artist's Valley, Per La Gente "Calling To You" 12" single (September 1993) Es Paranza Contents unknown "I Believe" cassingle (November 1993) Es Paranza I Believe, Dark Moon "I Believe" CD single (September 1993) Fontana/Es Paranza I Believe, Great Spirit (acoustic), Hey Jayne This CD single is the companion to the limited edition "29 Palms" CD single. "If I Were A Carpenter" CD single #1 (December 1993) Fontana/Es Paranza If I Were A Carpenter, Ship Of Fools (live), Tall Cool One (live) The live tracks are from Montreaux. "If I Were A Carpenter" CD single #2 (December 1993) Fontana/Es Paranza If I Were A Carpenter, I Believe (live), Going To California (live) The live tracks are from Montreaux. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 35 - Robert Plant tour dates. The touring band is: Robert Plant--vocals, harmonica, _very_ occasional guitar, adoring fans Phil Johnstone--guitar, keyboards, underage groupies Francis Dunnery--guitar, ugly white silk suit, painful back-bends Innes Sibun--guitar, restraint and taste Charlie Jones--bass, Carmen Plant Michael Lee--drums, no shirt The set changes nightly, and features songs from Zeppelin, Plant's solo efforts, and a few surprises. Since he has completed all scheduled dates, his scheduled return to the US has been put on hold (ostensibly for the reunion/Unplugged with Page), and the next scheduled dates are for summer festivals in Europe, the dates for the completed tours have been deleted. Plant is also working on a documentary in which he will travel to north Africa and the Misty Mountains of Wales, among other locales. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 36 - What albums has John Paul Jones released? This discography follows the format: _Title_ (release date) Label (artist, if not the subject of the discography) Song Title One, Song Title Two... A list of videos. Any other relevant information. This discography will cover major releases only--most guest appearances will _not_ be included. Also, only new singles and older singles of particular interest will be listed. For a more complete discography, consult _A Celebration_ by Dave Lewis. Pre-Zeppelin: ------------- "Baja" b/w "A Foggy Day In Vietnam" (April 1964) Pye/Parkway The second track is an Andrew Loog Oldham composition that doesn't feature Jones at all, but _may_ feature some of the Rolling Stones. _Little Games_ (1967) Epic/MFP (The Yardbirds) Jones arranging and contributing session bass work. Mid-Zeppelin: ------------- _No Introduction Necessary_ (1968) Spark/Thunderbolt (various artists) Unspecified tracks, with Jimmy Page. _Truth_ (1968) Columbia (Jeff Beck) Old Man River (organ) _Dusty...Definitely_ (1968) Fontana (Dusty Springfield) Unknown. _Comin' Atcha'_ (December 1973) RCA (Madeline Bell) JPJ on bass and keys; also produced and recorded at his home studio. _H.Q._ (June 1975) Harvest (Roy Harper) The Game _Back To The Egg_ (May 1979) EMI/MPL (Paul McCartney & Wings) Rockestra Theme, So Glad To See You Here (both with Bonham) _The Concerts For Kampuchea_ (February 1981) (various artists) Rockestra Theme, Let It Be, Lucille (all live, with Plant and Bonham) Post-Zeppelin: -------------- _Give My Regards To Broadstreet_ (October 1984) EMI/MPL (soundtrack) Ballroom Dancing _Scream For Help_ (March 1985) Atlantic (soundtrack) Spaghetti Junction[*], Bad Child, Silver Train[@], Crackback[*], Chilli Sauce, Take It Or Leave It[$], Christie[@], When You Fall In Love[#], Here I Am[$] (John Paul Jones--vocals, guitars, bass, drums, keyboards, Colin Green--guitars, Graham Ward--drums, [$]Madeline Bell--vocals, [#]John Renbourn--guitars, [@]Jon Anderson--vocals, [*]Jimmy Page--guitars) _Save The Last Dance For Me_ (March 1988) EMI/Manhattan (Ben E. King) Because Of Last Night, Whatever This Is (It Ain't True Love), Two Loves _Children_ (March 1988) Mercury (The Mission) Keys and production. _Music From Films_ (1988) Opal Land (various artists) Three Minute Warning _Us_ (1992) Geffen (Peter Gabriel) Unspecified tracks, on bass, keys, and percussion. _Independent Worm Saloon_ (1993) Capitol (Butthole Surfers) Production and some bass. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 37 - Who were the other artists on the Swan Song label? Swan Song artists included Bad Company, Pretty Things, Maggie Bell, Detective, Dave Edmunds, Midnight Flyer, Wildlife, Robert Plant, and Jimmy Page. Signed but unreleased artists included Mirabai and Metropolis. Bobby Parker was never signed, though considered. Richie Sambora claims he was signed to Swan Song for a time, as do members of the Kentucky Headhunters. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 38 - What is _The Song Retains The Name_? This is a collection of Zeppelin covers by rock/metal bands. It _may_ be available from: Mad Rover Records Dept. CZ, Box 22243 Sacremento, CA 95822 Track listing: Black Dog The Royal Mixxers with KGIG and Konan Kelley Living Loving Maid Rich Hardesty & The Del Reys (She's Just A Woman) Down By The Seaside Robert Kuhlmann & Flying Boats Good Times, Bad Times Dalai Lamas Four Sticks Earwigs Immigrant Song Headface In The Evening Twice Shy No Quarter I Love Ethyl What Is And What Helen Keller Plaid Should Never Be Houses Of The Holy Fool Killers Rock And Roll Tent Poles ----------------------------------------------------------------- 39 - Who is Dread Zeppelin and how does the band feel about them? Dread Zeppelin are a group of musicians playing rock/reggae, often covering Zeppelin and/or Elvis songs. Their albums (there are three) have contained progressively less Zeppelin content. They were, at the outset, extremely satirical in nature. Page hates them. Plant loves them. Jones' opinion has not been noted but is almost assuredly the same as Plant's. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 40 - Did Jimmy Page invent bowing? No. It was suggested to him by a session violinist (whose father was the actor David McCallum), but it had been done before. His bow work can be found on the Yardbirds track "Glimpses," and the Zeppelin songs "How Many More Times," "Dazed & Confused," and "In The Evening." ----------------------------------------------------------------- 41 - What's this "theremin" thing that Jimmy Page uses? This is the first device to use alternative means of interaction to produce...er...music (sort of). It was invented by Leo Theremin, a Russian living in England, in the 1930's, and was made popular in the 1960's by Sun Ra. The instrument produces sine-wave sounds by the beat frequencies between a reference RF oscillator and an oscillator tuned by the change in capacitance between a antenna and the performer's hands, arms or body caused by movement. The closer one comes to the antenna, the higher the capacitance and higher the pitch. Later versions of the instrument have volume control from a second antenna. Page uses the theremin live during "Whole Lotta Love" and "No Quarter," and occasionally elsewhere. It was also prominent in the studio version of "WLL". The theremin is used at the beginning of Beach Boys' song "Good Vibrations". It is considered by many to be the first synthesizer. ----------------------------------------------------------------- 42 - Is Jimmy Page a Satanist? Jimmy Page is a collector of occult books and paraphenalia. He is interested in religion and spirituality to the extent that he considered "...getting a degree in theology." He was a devotee of Aleister Crowley, a famous English occultist (and, perhaps, Satanist) to the point of buying Crowley's old residence. He often quoted Crowley, most notably on the runoff matrix of _III_. So is he a Satanist? He says no, the band says no. There is no profit in further speculation. Rumours persist that the band "sold their souls" to Satan in exchange for power, fame, wealth, etc., and that Jones was the only one to refuse. The various disasters which have befallen the band are often used to support this theory. However, there is absolutely no evidence for this, the band denies it, and in the words of Zeppelin biographer Charles Cross: "Rereading these comments, while lying in a room that Jimmy Page, the person -- the human being -- once occupied, I can't believe the heartlessness, the meanness, the utter inhumanity of those remarks. From mud sharks to pacts with Satan, the public seems to suspend normal human empathy when talking about Led Zeppelin, accepting preposterous malice of the sort that would never be accepted if it were directed toward anyone outside of rock 'n' roll. Have you heard anyone describe a successful business executive as having sold his soul to Satan? Wouldn't we laugh this comment off instantly if applied to anyone else, anyone working in any other art form? Can one _really_ believe that a pact with Satan is possible, and if so isn't _that_ the big story here?" ----------------------------------------------------------------- 43 - Are there backwards messages in "Stairway To Heaven"? You're far from the first to ask. This rumor has persisted ever since a California committee of parents and religious leaders set out to prove that rock music was leading our children down the path to the devil. For reasons still unknown to rational minds, they decided to play some albums backwards, and professed to hear all sorts of messages in songs like Queen's "Another One Bites The Dust," anything and everything by Styx and ELO, Rush's "Anthem," the Stones' "19th Nervous Breakdown," Skynyrd's "Freebird," The Eagles' "Hotel California," and most notably the (at that point) most-requested rock song of all time, Led Zeppelin's "Stairway To Heaven." A definition is useful here -- "backmasking" is the process of either: 1) recording a backwards message on a track meant to be played forwards, or 2) the "hiding" of messages within forward phrases so that, when played backwards, another phrase is revealed. So does backmasking exist? Andy Johns, the producer of _IV_, says that not only is "backmasking" a myth, but that there was no such nonsense while he was present. Certainly, since the advent of the "backmasking" scandal, groups such as ELO and Pink Floyd have used the technique to poke fun at people who would actually play records backwards. Most of the bands named in such accusations tend to ignore the outcry, for as Jones commented in _Rolling Stone_, there's absolutely no arguing someone out of something they really want to believe. But the idea of backmasking is uniformly considered ludicrous by musicians and producers alike, and they're the ones that would be responsible for the process. Despite the denials of the people involved, let's assume that these messages do exist. Are they effective? If they were subliminal messages played _forward_, then scientists agree that the brain could and would process the information. But scientists are also convinced that the brain cannot decipher backwards information unless it is specifically engaged for that purpose. Therefore, even if backmasking _did_ exist, it would be useless. Plant: "If it worked, every record would have the backward message 'BUY THIS RECORD' in it!" So much for Satanic intent. And specifically, as regards "Stairway To Heaven" -- there are many messages that various groups have claimed to hear while playing the song backwards, but the most uniformly cited is the phrase "Here's to my sweet Satan." Not all listeners that hear backward phrases are in agreement here, however, and not even close to all who hear the song backwards hear any message at all. Many of those who do hear "something" dismiss it as a mere phonetic coincidence. And few of those who _do_ hear the actual message were unaware of the accusations against Zeppelin and "Stairway To Heaven" before they listened to the song. Therefore, overwhelming evidence supports the conclusion that such messages do not exist, and if they did they would be useless, and even if they weren't they are almost assuredly accidents aided by the power of suggestion. But still, this rumor will not die. Often, a listener will comment, "I heard the message, and it's really there, but I think it's just an accident." This is faulty reasoning. If the message is a phonetic accident, then the message is not really "there"--instead, a series of sounds that are _similar_ to the phrase "here's to my sweet Satan" are all that are embedded in the lyrics. If the message _is_ really there, then it cannot be an accident, for a phonetic reversal of the lyrics ("There's still time to change the road you're on") does not produce the correct vowel and consonant sounds (even _given_ Plant's pronunciation) for the phrase in question. So unless one believes that the message is there on purpose (despite the overwhelming evidence to the contrary), one _must_ conclude that the message is not "there"--purposefully or accidentally. Perhaps it is relevant to note that the same committee that found "STH" to be Satanic in nature also claimed that the theme song from the "Mr. Ed" TV show is full of Satanic messages when played backwards. (Sincere thanks to the MIT Psych. Dept., the MIT Brain & Cog. Sci. Dept., and the Boston Globe for assistance.) ----------------------------------------------------------------- ***END PART 2***